Manav Sharir ke Tantra (Human Body Systems)
Science ke sabse zyada poochhe jaane wale facts: tantra, angon ke kaam, hormones aur vitamins. Sabhi competitive exams aur school ke liye.
Mukhya tantra (Systems)
| Tantra | Mukhya ang | Kaam |
|---|---|---|
| Pachan (Digestive) | Munh, aahar nali, aamashay, chhoti aur badi aant, yakrit | Bhojan ko tod kar poshan avshoshit karna |
| Shwasan (Respiratory) | Naak, shwas nali, phephde | Oxygen lena, carbon dioxide nikalna |
| Parisanchar (Circulatory) | Hriday, rakt, rakt vahikayein | Sharir mein rakt pahunchana |
| Tantrika (Nervous) | Mastishk, spinal cord, nerves | Sandesh bhejna aur sharir ko niyantrit karna |
| Utsarjan (Excretory) | Gurde (kidneys), mutrashay, twacha | Kachra aur atirikt paani nikalna |
| Antahsravi (Endocrine) | Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas | Hormone banakar sharir ko sanchalit karna |
| Kankaal (Skeletal) | Haddiyan, jod | Dhancha aur suraksha |
Important facts
| Sawal | Jawab |
|---|---|
| Vayask mein haddiyan | 206 (janm ke samay lagbhag 270) |
| Sabse badi haddi | Femur (jangh ki haddi) |
| Sabse chhoti haddi | Stapes (kaan mein) |
| Sabse bada ang | Twacha (skin) |
| Sabse badi granthi | Yakrit (liver) |
| Hriday ke khand | 4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles) |
| Hriday ki ausat dhadkan | Lagbhag 72 prati minute (vayask) |
| Samanya sharir ka taapman | 37°C ya 98.6°F |
| Samanya blood pressure | 120/80 mm Hg |
| Dant (vayask) | 32 |
Rakt (Blood)
- RBC (laal rakt koshika): haemoglobin ke karan lal. Oxygen le jati hain. Umra lagbhag 120 din. Banti hain bone marrow mein.
- WBC (shwet rakt koshika): rog se ladti hain, rog pratirodhak kshamta.
- Platelets: rakt jamane (clotting) mein madad.
- Rakt samuh: A, B, AB, O. Universal donor O negative, universal recipient AB positive.
- Rakt samuh ki khoj Karl Landsteiner ne ki.
Mukhya granthiyan aur hormone
| Granthi | Hormone | Kaam / Khaas baat |
|---|---|---|
| Pituitary | Growth hormone aadi | "Master gland", baaki granthiyon ko niyantrit karti hai |
| Thyroid | Thyroxine | Metabolism. Iodine ki kami se ghegha (goitre) |
| Pancreas | Insulin | Blood sugar niyantrit. Kami se diabetes |
| Adrenal | Adrenaline | Dar ya tanav mein "fight or flight" |
Vitamin aur unki kami se rog
| Vitamin | Kami se rog | Srot |
|---|---|---|
| A | Raatandhi (night blindness) | Gajar, papita, doodh |
| B1 | Beriberi | Anaaj, dalein |
| B12 | Anaemia (pernicious) | Doodh, ande, maans |
| C | Scurvy | Nimbu, aanwla, santra |
| D | Rickets (bachon mein) | Dhoop, doodh |
| K | Rakt ka na jamna | Hari patedaar sabziyan |
Practice MCQ
1. Manav sharir ki sabse badi granthi kaun si hai?
Yakrit (Liver).
2. Insulin kaun si granthi banati hai?
Pancreas (agnyashay).
3. Scurvy kis vitamin ki kami se hota hai?
Vitamin C.
4. Universal donor rakt samuh kaun sa hai?
O negative.
5. "Master gland" kise kehte hain?
Pituitary granthi.
6. Hriday mein kitne khand hote hain?
4 (2 atria aur 2 ventricles).
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